We conduct social impact assessments that comprehensively quantify the contribution of a mining project to society, incorporating both direct, indirect, and induced benefits and costs. Relevant social variables (such as employment, tax revenue, and road impacts) are identified, direct social costs are calculated, and local and national benefits are estimated through productive linkages. Externalities are also incorporated, valuing both CO₂ emissions and positive contributions to the surrounding environment, to reflect the project’s net social value.

We also carry out risk analyses related to natural disasters and climate change, enabling the identification and quantification of uncertainties that may affect the operational continuity of mining, including operational, project, and market risks. Using tools such as NPV, IRR, and VaR, we evaluate the economic impacts of extreme events (e.g., failures of critical equipment, logistical disruptions). This approach integrates variables associated with natural disasters and the effects of climate change, showing how risks can erode Value at Risk and project profitability.

The added value lies in transforming climate risk management into clear profitability and decision-making criteria. The studies allow us to quantify the economic impact of failures, identify business scenarios where contingency plans are profitable, and prioritize critical risks to be mitigated. In addition, strategic recommendations are provided, such as strengthening environmental permitting, improving the accuracy of failure probability estimates, and considering worst-case scenarios. Together, this analysis offers a solid foundation for incorporating climate and disaster resilience and ensuring long-term value.